GC-MS analysis and antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of Hallea Ciliata: A preliminary investigation

Abstract

This study was carried out to screen the phytochemical constituents, analyze the chemical constituents by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and determine the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of Hallea ciliata on some pathogens. The H. ciliata leaves were collected, dried, pulverized and extracted with methanol using cold extraction method. The crude extract was concentrated via a rotary evaporator (model RE, 200) to obtain a syrupy fraction. Phytochemical screening was conducted on the methanol fraction according to standard method, preliminary characterization by GC-MS and antimicrobial activity by the agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical analyzed in methanol extract of H. ciliata leaves indicated the presence of glycoside, saponins, eugenols and alkaloids among others. The major compound detected in the GC-MS analyses was oleic acid (retention time (Rt), 12.032, 18.76%) an unsaturated fatty acid while the minor component among others was glycerol-palmitate (Rt. 18.299, 0.82%). The antimicrobial results indicated a higher zone of inhibition as the concentration of the extract increases for Escherichia coli (13.0 mm) and Klebsiella pneumonia (16.6 mm) while 12.5 mm zone of inhibition was reported against Penicilium notatum. This work corroborates the local use of the plant in the traditional treatment of microbial infection.